What is the Change Equation?

The Change Model, also known as the Change Formula or Change Equation, proposed by Beckhard and Harris (1987), is tool that presents the possibilities and conditions to change an organization.

The Change equation is

D x  V x F > R

Dissatisfaction x Vision x First Steps > Resistance to Change

D = Dissatisfaction

V = Vision

F = First Steps

R = Resistance to Change
 

Three components of overcoming resistance

The Change Equation can help one understand that all three components must be present to overcome the resistance to change in an organization:

• Dissatisfaction with the present situation,
• Vision of what is possible in the future, and
• Achievable first steps towards reaching this vision.

If any of the three is zero or near zero, the product will also be zero or near zero and the resistance to change will dominate.