What are Article IV Courts?
Territorial Courts of the United States
Written by Jason Gordon
Updated at June 23rd, 2021
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Table of Contents
What are Article IV Courts?How do Article IV Courts Work?Discussion QuestionAcademic ResearchWhat are Article IV Courts?
These are territorial courts specially created to act as the court of general jurisdiction in select federal jurisdictions.
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How do Article IV Courts Work?
These courts have jurisdictions similar to that of federal district courts; however, they also exercise subject-matter jurisdiction over matters typically reserved to state and local courts in a jurisdiction.
These courts are designated to a specific circuit court of appeals for all appeals from the trial court.
- Example: With regard to appellate matters, the Virgin Islands district court falls under the 3rd Judicial Circuit Court of Appeals, while the district courts of Guam and the Mariana Islands fall under the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals.
Discussion Question
Lawrence, a member of the US Army, is charged with deserting his unit at Fort Campbell, Kentucky. He is later apprehended by state police and extradited back to military control. The military decides to bring charges against him for the crime of desertion under the military code of justice. What is the authority for bringing criminal charges against Lawrence and who oversees the process? [ht_toggle title="Proposed Answer" id="" class="" ]
- US Military Courts-Martial are military criminal courts established pursuant to Article I. Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution says Congress shall have the power "To make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval forces." Pursuant to this authority, Congress created the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) to administer matters of criminal justice within the military system.