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EBITDA Business Valuation Multiple Definition

Valuation multiple refers to a ratio used to measure the value of firm. The EBITDA (Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, and amortization) multiple specifically uses the companys EBITDA to arrive at the companys valuation. Following is the formula for calculating firms value: Enterprise multiple = Enterprise Value/EBITDA First, you will need to calculate the firm value. An enterprise value can be calculated by the following formula: (Market capitalization) + (total debts) + (minority interest) + (preferred shares) - (cash and cash equivalents). After measuring firms value, you can divide it by the companys EBITDA (Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, and amortization). This will give you the EBITDA multiple. Investors use the EBITDA multiple method to know whether a firm shares are undervalued or overvalued. The ratio would indicate a firm financial position. A low ratio is an indication of undervaluation while higher ratio indicated overvaluation. This method is particularly useful in comparing transnational firms because it excludes all country-specific variables which may distort the real picture. An enterprise multiple varies from industry to industry. Generally, high-growth industries, such biotech, have higher enterprise multiples; whereas, slow growth industries have lower enterprise multiples.

Reference for EBITDA Business Multiple

• https://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/ev-ebitda.asp
• https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EV/EBITDA

Academic Research on EBITDA Business Valuation Multiple

Valuationusing multiples. How do analysts reach their conclusions?, Fernandez, P. (2001).IESE Business School, 1-13. This paper focuses on equity valuation using multiples. The main aimof this paper is to show that PER, EBITDA and Profit after Tax (the most commonly used parameters for multiples) were more volatile than equity value. It also provide additional evidence of the analysts' recommendations for Spanish companies. Warning: Use ofEBITDAmay be dangerous to your career, King, A. M. (2001). Strategic Finance,83(3), 35. Valuationwith Market Multiples: How to Avoid Pitfalls When Identifying and Using Comparable Companies¹, Holthausen, R. W., & Zmijewski, M. E. (2012). Journal of Applied Corporate Finance,24(3), 26-38. This paper explores an important section of the use of market multiples valuation process in selecting companies. In this paper, the authors examine the relevant value drivers for commonly used market multiples such as EBIT and EBITDA.They present all factors that should be taken into consideration when selecting companies for comparison. The authors also show that the degree to which different value drivers are important for assessing the comparability of companies differs across commonly used market multiples. Valuationfor mergers, buyouts and restructuring, Arzac, E. R. (2005). This paper explores the concept of the valuation for Mergers, Buyouts and Restructuring. It also discusses the theoretical underpinnings and the research evidence that justifies the recommended procedures.   Valuationmultiples: A primer, Suozzo, P., Cooper, S., Sutherland, G., & Deng, Z. (2001). UBS Warburg: Valuation and Accounting (November). This document explains how to calculate and use multiples commonly used in equity analysis. In this paper, the authors discuss the differences between equity and enterprise multiples, show how target or 'fair' multiples can be derived from underlying value drivers and discuss the ways multiples can be used in valuation. Multiplesused to estimate corporate value, Lie, E., & Lie, H. J. (2002). Financial Analysts Journal,58(2), 44-54. This paper evaluates various multiples practitioners use to estimate company value. EBITDA: still crucial to credit analysis, Hamilton, B. (2003). Com. Lending Rev.,18, 47. Earnings, accruals, cash flows, andEBITDAfor agribusiness firms, Omar Trejo-Pech, C., Weldon, R. N., & House, L. A. (2008). Agricultural Finance Review,68(2), 301-319. This study examines empirical relationships of earnings, accruals, and cash flows for the U.S. food supply chain sector (i.e., agribusiness) and compares them with results for the complete U.S. market. It also explores earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA) as a potential proxy for cash flow. Ebitda/Ebit and cash flow based ICRs: a comparative approach in the agro-food system in Italy, Iotti, M., & Bonazzi, G. (2012). Financial Assets and Investing,3(2), 19-31. This paper analyses the usefulness of the interest coverage ratios (ICRs) in firms. The article aims to evaluate whether there are significant differences in results using ICRs based on EBITDA or EBIT and ICRs based on different definitions of cash flow (CF). It further highlights the differences between both systems based on cash flow (CF). An Entrepreneur's Guide to Understanding the Cost of Venture Capital , Anshuman, V. R., Martin, J., & Titman, S. (2012). Journal of Applied Corporate Finance,24(3), 75-83. In this guide, the authors aim to tackle the problem of failure faced by entrepreneurs engaging in venture capital firms (VC) for the first time. Accruals, Free Cash Flow andEBITDAfor Agribusiness Firms, Trejo-Pech, C. O., Weldon, R., House, L., & Salas-Gutirrez, T. (2006, July). Accruals, Free Cash Flow and EBITDA for Agribusiness Firms. InProceedings of the American Agricultural Economics Association Annual Meeting(pp. 23-26). This study explores the relationships between the accrual and cash flow components of earnings for agribusiness. Beyond earnings: doEBITDAreporting and governance matter for market participants?, Cormier, D., Demaria, S., & Magnan, M. (2017). Managerial Finance,43(2), 193-211. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether formally disclosing an earnings before interests, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA) number reduces the information asymmetry between managers and investors beyond the release of GAAP earnings. The paper also assess if EBITDA disclosure enhances the value relevance and the predictive ability of earnings.